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Modes of Enquiry in Psychology: Theory, Methods, and Data
In this Individual Assignment, you will build on your exploration of qualitative and quantitative methodologies in psychology by examining some additional modes of enquiry – hypothetico-deductive and inductive – and analyse the methods and types of evidence used in each. The hypothetico-deductive mode of enquiry starts with formulating an hypothesis, or an educated guess based on theory, and then testing the hypothesis with observational data. In this model, the data either corroborates or falsifies the hypothesis.
The inductive model of enquiry, on the other hand, starts with inferences drawn from observations, which are then used to generate a model or theory. You are most likely very familiar with this type of enquiry in your informal day-to-day experiences. For example, you notice that every time you exercise you feel more alert. You make an inference that exercise is related to your alertness level and you continue to informally make additional observations to test your inference until you are confident that it is indeed exercise and not something else which makes you feel more alert. You may not come to the correct conclusion every time; however, you went through the basic inductive reasoning process.
For this Individual Assignment, you will research examples of hypothetico-deductive and inductive models of enquiry and analyse the theory, data and methods in each example. You will also compare approaches to discuss types of evidence that generate psychological theories.
ASSIGNMENT:
Search the internet using engines such as Google Scholar and select two peer-reviewed articles: one that presents a hypothetico-deductive model of enquiry and one that presents an inductive model of enquiry of psychology research. The following are suggested topics on which you are likely to find a variety of types of research:
Exercise behaviour
Health behaviour
Mental health
Leadership
In approximately 1,000 words:
1. Identify the research questions in the two research studies
2. Compare and contrast the methods used to collect and analyse data
3. Compare and contrast the findings and conclusions in relation to usefulness of the research
4. Are there psychological theories discussed in either example? If so, how do they relate to the methods chosen and data presented in the research?
Be sure to include references to all sources, including your Readings, in APA Referencing Style.
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